JOHN BROMFIELD

RESEARCH FOCUS

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The Bromfield laboratory, based in the Department of Animal Sciences at the University of Florida, focuses on infection and immunity in the female reproductive tract, in particular we have a specific interest in uterine infection in dairy cows. Approximately 40% of all dairy cows acquire a uterine infection following calving resulting in pain, infertility and reduced milk production with an annual cost to the US dairy industry of $650 million.

Using molecular and cellular techniques we aim to elucidate the mechanisms involved in the innate immune response to invading pathogens in the uterus resulting in infertility. The Gram-negative bacteria E. coli, comprising a lipopolysaccharide (LPS) cell wall, is the primary causes of clinical metritis in dairy cows. The innate immune response to LPS is orchestrated through the Toll-like receptor (TLR) pathway. Interestingly, dairy cows with uterine infections accumulate LPS in the ovarian follicle and initiate an inflammatory response by the ovarian granulosa cells. This response results in reduced oocyte quality and reduced follicular reserve. These impacts can explain some level of infertility in cows with infections.

We aim to understand how LPS, and other bacterial components negatively impacts the ovary and oocyte. By understanding these mechanisms we will be able to intervene in dairy cows with infection and promote fertility and milk production.

Secondary to infection and immunity our lab has an active interest in improving oocyte cryopreservation and the developmental environment of the early embryo.